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April 22, 2009 15:48 MAC/DELL Page-296 9780230_218833_15_index Index age (organizational), see organizational generations Agir ensemble contre le Chômage, 71 Alternativa Antimilitarista-MOC, 95 Alternatives (building), 33–4 Amnesty International, 48–9, 153 Anarchist groups, 51, 53, 58, 69, 89, 122, 212–13 Arci, 53–4 Arcigay, 49, 71, 106 Artisans du monde, 71 assembleary model, 39–41, 127–8, 134 assembly, 48, 119, 126, 159, 163, 180, 221–4, 269 associational model, 39–41, 127–8, 134 Attac, 151, 160, 233 Attac France, 125, 161–4, 169, 226, 208 Attac Germany, 80, 161–4 Attac Italia, 56, 84, 94, 102, 109, 161–4, 169 Attac Vaud, 109 attitudes towards institutions, 108–14, 271 definition, 103–4 autonomous groups, 51, 53, 69, 89, 91, 122, 212–13 autonomy, as a democratic value, 82, 85 basic themes, 26, 63–4, 70, 120–2 Berlin Social Forum, 186 Bondeskoordination Internationalismus, 189 Botteghe del mondo, 107–8 Bourdieu, Pierre, 5 boycott, 32, 177–8, 180, 188, 204 Breines, Wini, 154 broker frames, 23–7 Brot für die Welt, 54 Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland, 178 Campagna Banche Armate, 107, 189 campaigns (protest), 17, 228–30, 34, 36, 42, 62, 80, 84, 93, 106–7, 153–4, 196–7, 232–3, 235, 255–6 Catholic Agency for Overseas Development, 54 Christian Aid, 54 civil disobedience, 33, 173, 177, 179–80, 189–91 civil society, 75, 78, 81–2, 75, 96, 100–1, 109, 112, 121, 123–4, 220 definition, 75 Clemens, Elisabeth, 4 codebooks, 7–10, 15 cognitive processes, 37–8 Cohen, Joshua, 2, 267 collaborations with institutions, 106–7 Comité catholique contre la faim, 5 computer mediated communication, see Internet Confédération générale du travail, 190 Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro, 49, 51, 125, 160 Confederazione Unitaria di Base – CUB, 103, 107 conflict, 73–5, 96 consensual democracy versus majoritarian democracy, 124–8, 132–3, 136, 138 consensual method, 63, 78–9 definition, 39, 57, 79 consensus, 3, 39–40, 72, 120, 130–1, 147–8, 165, 180, 212, 218, 221–4, 232, 245, 266–9, 271 consensus, conceptions of, 73–6, 267 plural, 92–4 communitarian, 94–6 cooperatives, 62, 183, 270 Coordination des intermittents et précaires d’Ile de France, 49 296 April 22, 2009 15:48 MAC/DELL Page-297 9780230_218833_15_index Index 297 counter-democracy, 263–5 counter-summits, 28–9, 34, 89, 96, 218, 221, 226, 243–4, 247, 255 Crossley, Nick, 193 Dalton, Russel, 173–4, 182, 192 deliberation via Internet, 194, 203–4 deliberative democracy, 1–3, 24–5, 38, 44, 74, 77–8, 81, 96–7, 129, 147, 197, 265–9, 274 deliberative participation model, 39–41, 127–8, 134 deliberative representation model, 39–41, 127–8, 134 deliberative values, 78, 121 della Porta, Donatella, 71, 153 democracy from below, 24–5 democracy, organizational conceptions of, 38–41, 43 democratic control, 104–6, 115–22, 124 democratic deficit, 107–10 democratic theory, 1–2 democratic values, 76–7, 88, 120, 179–80, 212 Derechos para Tod@s, 80 dialogue, 2, 63, 75, 80, 83, 85, 91–2, 96–8, 268 difference, see plurality diffusion, 80–1, 97 digital divide, 194, 201, 207 direct democracy, 1, 53–5, 81–2, 85, 95, 185 Dissent! 79, 81, 93 Disobbedienti, 95 Dryzek, John, 267 e-democracy, 7, 194 e-petition, 196, 206 Espacio Alternativo, 79, 93 EU, 108–9, 101, 123–4 Euromayday, 28, 110 European Marches against Unemployment, 29 European Social Forum, 6, 11, 17, 28–9, 53, 207, 215, 243 Federazione Italiana Operai Metallurgici, 81, 160, 201 formalization, 35, 48, 70–1, 85, 117, 129–30, 133–5, 138–9, 144, 146, 184, 209–10, 225–8 index, 85, 98, 183–5 Foro social de Palencia, 80 Foundation Copernique, 230 framing, 18 Freeman, Jo, 155, 159, 168, 227 Friends of the Earth, 55, 71, 153, 167, 169, 182 Giovani comunisti, 202 Giovani Verdi, 125 Global Day of Action, 28, 236, 243–4, 247, 273 global democracy, 123, 241, 264, 274 Global Justice Movement, definition, 6, 16–18, 27, 34, 38, 42–3 in France, 19–20, 30–3, 83, 115–17, 127–8, 176, 190, 217, 243–4 in Germany, 19–20, 30–3, 83, 115–17, 127–8, 176, 190, 217, 243–4 in Italy, 19–20, 30–3, 83, 115–17, 127–8 in Spain, 19–20, 30–3, 83, 115–17, 127–8, 176, 190, 243–4 in Switzerland, 19–20, 30–3, 83, 115–17, 127–8, 176, 190, 243–4 in UK, 19–20, 30–3, 83, 115–17, 127–8, 190, 243–4 transnational, 19–20, 30–4, 83, 115–17, 127–8, 243–4 globalization, 22–4, 26–8, 37, 80, 108, 212, 217–18, 256, 264, 274 Goldstone, Jack, 230 Greenpeace, 182, 189 Habermas, Juergen, 267 Hands, Gordon, 55 horizontality, 49, 53, 56–7, 78, 82, 85, 87, 91, 95–8, 133, 139, 151, 165–6, 176, 180, 191, 208–9, 218, 220, 221–3, 226–7, 232, 266–8, 272 April 22, 2009 15:48 MAC/DELL Page-298 9780230_218833_15_index 298 Index identification, see identity identity, 3, 7, 16, 18, 42, 75, 98, 120, 124, 131–2, 136, 139–40, 144–8, 196–7, 204, 209–10, 213–14, 238, 241, 247, 250–6, 268 tolerant identity, 63, 70, 88, 236 International Financial Institutions, 25, 150, 153, 169 International Governmental Organizations, 24, 101, 235–6, 264 inclusiveness, 1, 2, 16, 39, 63, 78, 82–3, 85, 87, 89, 91–2, 94, 97–9, 121, 180, 266, 269, 271 Indymedia, 151, 160, 169 Italy, 81, 95–6, 165–7 Heuskal Herria, 165–7 UK, 165–7 Internet, 7, 34, 166, 167–8, 270, 273 impact on different actors, 199–101 individual determinant of use, 198 and social movements, 194–7, 213–5 Isole nella rete, 71 issues (organizational), 11, 19–20, 23, 255, 258–9, 273 Italian Consortium of Solidarity, 54–5, 107, 109–10 Izquierda Unida Jovenes, 58 Izquierda Unida, 60 Jenkins, Craig, 229 Jordan, Grant, 153–4, 160, 169 Kavada, Anastasia, 215 Keck, Margaret, 235 King, Gary, 11–12 Kitschelt, Herbert, 266 Klandermans, Bert, 229 Klein, Naomi, 197 Koopmans, Ruud, 193 Kriesi, Hanspeter, 129, 193, 235 labour movement, 100, 117, 120, 131 Leach, Darcy, 155 Legambiente, 106 Les Pénélopes, 55 Lijpjart, Arendt, 128, 132, 136, 148 Lipsky, Michael, 74 lobbying, 31–2, 34, 43, 66, 177, 179, 189, 230, 236–7, 241–2, 247 London Social Forum, 87 Maloney, William, 153–4, 160, 169 Mansbridge, Jane, 84 Marsh, Alan, 173–4 master frame, 89 McCarthy, John, 154 Michels, Robert, 153–4, 160, 184, 191 minimalistic conception of democracy, 262–3 Minkoff, Debra, 4, 115 Monbiot, George, 150 movement areas, 36, 50–7, 89–90, 97–8, 122, 131, 135–6, 140, 182, 209, 212–13, 266, 271 multilateral interactivity, 204–5 multilevel action, 27–28 multilevel mobilization, 101, 104, 123, 256–7 multiple relations with institutions, 101–2 Neidhardt, Friedhelm, 192 neo-institutionalism, 4–5, 115, 270–1 net-strike, 196, 199, 206 networking, 28–9, 34–8, 43–5, 63–4, 70, 93–4, 244, 250 see also campaigns New Global, 27, 55–7, 63, 69, 89, 122 New Left, 36, 50–1, 53, 57–8, 66, 69, 89, 122, 154, 182, 191, 212–13, 266 New Social Movements, 22, 51, 53, 55, 58, 69, 89, 100, 122, 131, 144–8, 212–13, 219 NGOs, 58, 91, 101, 122, 174, 183 normative theories of deliberative democracy, 74, 147 Oberschall, Anthony, 74 Offe, Claus, 267 Old Left, 50–3, 58, 69, 89, 122, 212–13, 266 oligarchy, 46–7, 151–3, 155–6, 184, 272 oligarchy score, 156–60, 169 online protest, 206, 212 April 22, 2009 15:48 MAC/DELL Page-299 9780230_218833_15_index Index 299 open spaces, see public spaces organizational fields, 13, 35–6, 50, 57–62, 69 organizational generations, 36, 47, 91, 122, 132, 136, 142, 144–8, 184, 209, 218–21, 261 organizational ideology, 8, 41, 103, 104–5, 119 organizational traditions, 49–50, 57, 63–7, 69, 98 Otra Democracia es Posible, 56–7 Our World is not for Sale, 49, 93 parallel summits, see counter-summits participation via Internet, 194, 202 participation, as a democratic value, 39, 42, 44, 47, 49–57, 78, 81–3, 88–9, 91–2, 94, 98, 111–13, 120–1, 124–5, 132–3, 147, 153, 168–9, 226, 232 participation, definition, 45 participation, structural, 35, 126 participatory decision making in institutions, 110–14 participatory democracy, 1–2, 24–5, 38, 44, 81, 265–9 participatory traditions, 63–70 parties, 6, 10, 17–8, 21, 35, 40, 50, 57–9, 60–2, 66, 69–71, 81, 91, 100, 110, 122, 155, 176, 181, 183, 185, 195, 209, 212, 219–20, 226, 239, 241–2, 244, 255, 259, 265, 267, 270 Pateman, Carole, 265 Pax Christi, 49, 71, 108 peace, 20, 63 Peacelink, 106 Peoples’ Global Action, 62 Pickart, Victor, 65–6 Pickerill, Jenny, 214 plurality, 2, 63, 75, 78, 83, 91, 94, 98, 165, 177, 250, 256, 267, 274 political opportunities, 46, 82–3, 125, 175, 185–6, 236–8, 255, 270, 271 political process approach, 102–3, 117, 235 Polletta, Francesca, 218, 221, 224 prefigurative, 57, 69, 87–9, 96, 151, 221, 261–2 Protestant Evangelischer Entwicklungdienst, 189 public spaces, 24, 78, 80, 94, 98, 197, 204, 224, 264 Qualitative Comparative Analysis, 129, 133, 136–7, 142–9 radical forms of action, 174, 177–80 reappropriation, 53–4, 61, 69, 71 Reclaim Our UN, 62, 108 Reiter, Herbert, 165 relations with institutions, 63–8, 105, 117–22, 229–32 religious groups, 21, 49, 54, 112 repertoires of action, 30–4, 88, 171–5, 191–2, 236–7, 241–2, 247 Réseau Intergalactique, 96, 226–7 resource mobilization approach, 3–4, 88, 125, 129, 152–3, 270 resources budget, 35, 85 members, 35, 85 organizational, 117–20, 130, 135, 138–41, 144–8, 155–6, 159–60, 170, 209, 227, 241, 247, 271 Rete Lilliput, 55–7, 71–2, 79, 84, 87–8, 99, 103, 106, 108, 201 reticularity, 36–8 Rifondazione comunista, 58, 60–1, Rosanvallon, Pierre, 263, 265 Rucht, Dieter, 83, 154–5, 193, 217 sampling, 11–12 Schmidt, Alvin, 156 Schumacher, Edward, 151–2, 164 Seattle to Brussels Network, 109 Sikkink, Kathryn, 235 Sinistra giovanile, 58, 125 size, see resources Social Movement Organizations formal, 58, 60, 91, 122, 183 grass-roots, 58, 62, 72, 91, 122, 167, 183 modern networks, 58, 60–2, 69–70, 91, 122 Social Forums, 28, 80–1, 92–3, 200, 202, 218, 221, 243, 247, 268 social justice, 20–4 April 22, 2009 15:48 MAC/DELL Page-300 9780230_218833_15_index 300 Index social movements, definition, 16 social movement organizations, definition, 3–4 Socialist Workers Party, 71 sociology of organizations, 4–6, 270 solidarity groups, 9, 36, 50–1, 54–5, 58, 69, 122, 135, 212–13, 239, 266–9, 273 Soule, Sarah, 193 Stop the World Coalition, 62 strike, 33, 172–3, 183, 219 survey research on political participation, 174–5 Tan, Alexander, 155 Tarrow, Sidney, 74, 173, 237 Tavola della Pace, 106 territorial levels, 36, 130, 135 Tilly, Charles, 74 Torino Social Forum, 99 transnational activism, 234–8, 242–4, 250–4 transnational protest events, 28–9, 33, 264 transparency via Internet, 205–6 Un Ponte per …, 102, 106 United Nations, 108 Unimondo.org, 106 unions, 17, 21–2, 35, 40, 57–8, 81, 101, 107–9, 119, 123, 131, 155, 160, 176, 183–4, 201, 219, 226, 239, 241, 244, 255 Vedres, Balazs, 215 Verts, les, 60 Via Campesina, 109 Wombles, 94–5 women’s movement, 76, 91 World Social Forum, 28, 34, 62, 80, 193, 225 Zald, Mayer, 154